Biography of José Hernández, Former NASA Astronaut

Josà © Hernà ¡ndez (born August 7, 1962) overcame enormous barriers to become one of the few  Latinos to serve as an astronaut for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Raised in a family of field workers, he nevertheless found support for his dreams and achieved his goal of space flight. Hernà ¡ndez occasionally found himself in the midst of controversy because of his outspoken positions regarding Latin culture and immigration to the United States. Fast Facts: Josà © M. Hernà ¡ndez Known For: Former NASA astronautBorn: August 7, 1962, in French Camp, CaliforniaParents: Julia Hernà ¡ndez,  Salvador Hernà ¡ndezEducation:  University of the Pacific, University of California, Santa BarbaraAwards and Honors:  Hispanic Engineer National Achievement Award (1995), Society of Mexican American Engineers and Scientists Medalla de Oro (1999), U.S. Department of Energy  Outstanding Performance Commendation (2000), NASA Service Awards (2002, 2003), Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Outstanding Engineer Award (2001)Spouse: Adelita HernandezChildren: Antonio, Vanessa, Karina, JulioPublished Works: Reaching for the Stars: The Inspiring Story of a Migrant Farmworker Turned AstronautNotable Quote: Now its my turn! Early Life Josà © Hernà ¡ndez was born  on August 7, 1962, in French Camp, California. His parents Salvador and Julia were Mexican immigrant migrant workers. Each March, Hernà ¡ndez, the youngest of four children, journeyed with his family from Michoacà ¡n, Mexico, to Southern California. Picking crops as they traveled, the family would then proceed north to Stockton, California. When Christmas approached, the family would head back to Mexico before returning to the U.S. in the spring.  He remarked in an interview for the NASA website, â€Å"Some kids might think it would be fun to travel like that, but we had to work. It wasn’t a vacation.†Ã¢â‚¬â€¹ At the urging of a second-grade teacher, Hernà ¡ndez’s parents eventually settled in the Stockton area of California to provide their children with more structure. Despite being born in California, the Mexican-American Hernà ¡ndez did not learn English until he was 12 years old. Aspiring Engineer In school, Hernà ¡ndez enjoyed math and science. He decided he wanted to be an astronaut after watching the Apollo spacewalks on television. Hernà ¡ndez was also drawn to the profession in 1980, when he found out that NASA had picked Costa Rican native Franklin Chang-Diaz, one of the first Hispanics to journey into space, as an astronaut. Hernà ¡ndez said in a NASA interview that he, then a high school senior, still remembers the moment he heard the news. â€Å"I was hoeing a row of sugar beets in a field near Stockton, California, and I heard on my transistor radio that Franklin Chang-Diaz had been selected for the Astronaut Corps. I was already interested in science and engineering, but that was the moment I said, ‘I want to fly in space.’† After he finished high school, Hernà ¡ndez studied electrical engineering at the University of the Pacific in Stockton. From there, he pursued graduate studies in engineering at the University of California, Santa Barbara. Although his parents were migrant workers, Hernà ¡ndez said they prioritized his education by making sure he completed his homework and studied consistently. â€Å"What I always say to Mexican parents, Latino parents is that we shouldn’t spend so much time going out with friends drinking beer and watching telenovelas, and should spend more time with our families and kids...challenging our kids to pursue dreams that may seem unreachable,† Hernà ¡ndez said in a controversial interview with the Los Angles Times. Breaking Ground, Joining NASA Once he completed his studies, Hernà ¡ndez landed a job with Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in 1987. There, he engaged in work with a commercial partner that resulted in the creation of the first full-field digital mammography imaging system, used to spot breast cancer in its first stages. Hernà ¡ndez followed his groundbreaking work at Lawrence Laboratory by closing in on his dream of becoming an astronaut. In 2001, he signed on as a NASA materials research engineer at Houston’s Johnson Space Center, helping with Space Shuttle and International Space Station missions. He went on to serve as the Materials and Processes Branch chief in 2002, a role he filled until NASA selected him for its space program in 2004. After applying for 12 straight years to enter the program, Hernà ¡ndez was at long last headed to space. After undergoing physiological, flight, and water and wilderness survival training as well as training on Shuttle and International Space Station systems, Hernà ¡ndez completed Astronaut Candidate Training in February 2006. Three-and-a-half years later, Hernà ¡ndez journeyed on the STS-128 shuttle mission, during which he oversaw the transfer of more than 18,000 pounds of equipment between the shuttle and the International Space Station and helped with robotics operations, according to NASA. The STS-128 mission traveled more than 5.7 million miles in just under two weeks. Immigration Controversy After Hernà ¡ndez returned from space, he found himself at the center of controversy. That’s because he commented on Mexican television that from space he enjoyed seeing the Earth without borders and called for comprehensive immigration reform, arguing that undocumented workers play an important role in the U.S. economy. His remarks reportedly displeased his NASA superiors, who were quick to point out that Hernà ¡ndez’s views did not represent the organization as a whole. â€Å"I work for the U.S. government, but as an individual, I have a right to my personal opinions,† Hernà ¡ndez said in a follow-up interview with the Los Angeles Times. â€Å"Having 12 million undocumented people here means there’s something wrong with the system, and the system needs to be fixed.† Beyond NASA After a 10-year run at NASA, Hernà ¡ndez left the government agency in January 2011 to serve as executive director for Strategic Operations at aerospace company MEI Technologies Inc. in Houston. â€Å"Josà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s talent and dedication have contributed greatly to the agency, and he is an inspiration to many,† said Peggy Whitson, chief of the Astronaut Office at NASA’s Johnson Space Center. â€Å"We wish him all the best with this new phase of his career.† Sources Connelly, Richard. â€Å"Jose Hernandez, Astronaut Who Sparked Immigration Controversy, Retires from NASA.†Ã‚  Houston Press, 18 Jan. 2019.Dunbar, Brian. â€Å"Meet NASAs Future Explorer - Jose Hernandez.†Ã‚  NASA.NASA. â€Å"Astronaut Jose Hernandez Leaves NASA.†Ã‚  PR Newswire, 30 June 2018.Wall, Mike. â€Å"Migrant Farmer-Turned-Astronaut Jose Hernandez Leaves NASA.†Ã‚  Space.com, 17 Jan. 2011.Wilkinson, Tracy. â€Å"Mexican American Astronaut Isnt Changing Course on Immigration Stand.†Ã‚  Los Angeles Times, 17 Sept. 2009.

How The Kumon Math And Reading Centre Franchise Into Is...

EE First Draft Research Question: How bringing Kumon Math and Reading Centre franchise into is beneficial? Intro For this investigation I am going to research on bringing Kumon Math and Reading Center into Vietnam. Kumon Math, as its name, Kumon provides a program in which students will have the chance to improve their mathematical skills, from the basic one to the advanced level. It is available for students from all ages to join. Vietnam is a great potential market to invest in. Since Vietnam has the policies of searching for oversea investment, it has been an attractive market for many foreign companies. The economy and industry there are in the developing process, which means that they are lack of investments from outside. Moreover, the educational system has been focusing a lot on natural science subjects such as math and other ones which also require certain math skills (physics, chemistry, biology). This is the point that I want to exploit from, open up an education center in a country which is always looking for outside investments and focusing highly on the education for young generation should be reasonable and fit in. Kumon Math Reading Centers: Kumon, the math Center established by a Japanese math teacher whose name is Toru Kumon (the Center is named after him). This is an education center where students will have a chance to improve their mathematical skills. It doesn’t have official teaching programs as private or public schools do, here students areShow MoreRelatedBringing Kumon Math And Reading Center Into Vietnam1795 Words   |  8 PagesFor this investigation I am going to research on bringing Kumon Math and Reading Center into Vietnam. Kumon Math, as its name, Kumon provides a program in which students will have the chance to improve their mathematical skills, from the basic one to the advanced level. It is available for students from all ages to join. Vietnam is a great potential market to invest in. Since Vietnam has the policies of searching for oversea investment, it has been an attractive market for many foreign companiesRead MoreBringing Kumon Math Center Into Vietnam1211 Words   |  5 PagesEE Outline Intro For this investigation I am going to research on bringing Kumon Math Center into Vietnam. Kumon Math, as its name, Kumon provides a program in which students will have the chance to improve their mathematical skills, from the basic one to the advanced level. It is available for students from all ages to join. Vietnam is a great potential market to invest in. Since Vietnam has the policies of searching for oversea investment, it has been an attractive market for many foreign companies

Psychiatric Disorders in The Kite Runner - 1408 Words

The conditions in Afghanistan created upon the Russian invasion caused much pain and suffering to the citizens of the country. In Khaled Hosseini’s â€Å"The Kite Runner,† the consequences of this invasion created a harsh environment for the children and adults of Afghanistan. This environment created the development of mental disorders in Amir, Assef, and Sohrab throughout the novel. By examining the mental disorders such as Narcissistic disorder in Assef, the antisocial disorder in Amir and the adjustment disorder in Sohrab, it will be shown how the events in Afghanistan contribute to these characters mental problems. A diagnosis is the act of discovering or identifying the exact cause of an illness or a problem. A psychological problem is a mental behavior pattern that causes distress and disability. Symptoms are a change in your body or mind that shows that you are not healthy. Sohrab develops depressive and adjustment disorders through harrowing experiences he face s in Afghanistan. This depressive nature becomes evident when Sohrab attempts suicide in a hotel bathroom as explained here by Amir in the novel, â€Å"The water drops dripping from the faucet and landing with a plink into the bloody bathwater, the left arm dangling over the side of the tub, the blood soaked razor sitting on the toilet tank†¦and his eyes, still half open but lightless.†(366) Here, Sohrab is exhibiting his depressive nature by an attempt to commit suicide. At this instance, Sohrab has enduredShow MoreRelatedAfghanistan After The Soviet Afghan War2245 Words   |  9 Pagescalled the Taliban. During this time period of war and destruction, children were lost in a whole new world and stolen of their purity. In Khaled Hosseini’s novel, The Kite Runner, he tells a powerful and cruel story through the eyes of Amir’s life (the main character) starting from when children’s lives consisted of flying kites and exploring the city’s stre ets freely, to an era where children were in run down orphanages or begging for money on the streets to help support their families. The SovietRead MoreThe Kite Runner By Khaled Hosseini Essay2052 Words   |  9 Pagesconditions. Having a mental disorder can affect your mood, such as the disorder called depression. Depression is a mental disorder that can affect the way you handle daily activities including basic activities such as going outside. The way you think can also be affected, by a mental condition. Schizophrenia is a long-term condition where your own mind tricks you into perceiving objects or other things that are not there. Behavior can also be affected by any mental disorder. According to dictionary

Genesis to Revelation Computer

Question: Describe about the genesis to revelation of computer? Answer: Introduction The term genesis' means the beginning, or the birth, or the origin of anything. The very first stage of a process of development is known as its genesis. For example, in humans, the birth of a child is the genesis of its life-cycle process. And the meaning of the word revelation' is clear from the word itself that is to reveal something which was hidden or to discloses something which was not known earlier. Now that the meaning of both the terms is clear, in this article we will discuss the genesis to the revelation of the computer ( technology) invented by a human being named "Charles Babbage" in the year 1932 ("The Graphic: Birth of the computer," 2014). A computer is an electronic machine or device meant for receiving information (input), perform its actions for making changes in the information (process or calculations), and to provide new information (output) which will be the ultimate result. It is programmed to automatically accomplish the arithmetical (consists of numbers) an d logical operations. Genesis- The main purpose of designing and inventing a the computer was to calculate and to perform the counting operations. With this point of view, the idea of automatic computation was developed. The Abacus- It is known as the first device that was used to perform the calculation function mechanically. It was used when the written numeral system of modern times was not known to people (Wells, 2000). The structure of Abacus is a frame of wood where rods were fitted across the frame with round beads in it. Napier Bones- The next stage of development was Napier bones. It is a calculating device operated manually for performing the functions of multiplication of numbers. Pascal's calculator- A French scientist named "Blaise Pascal" then invented a the machine which was termed as the first known digital calculator. Leibniz calculator- After the invention of Pascal's calculator, Leibniz calculator was designed and invented by a German mathematician. It was the modification of the Pascal's calculator which was used to perform the various calculation of multiplication and division by repeatedly adding and shifting. Analytical Engine- This was the most important invention in the history of the computer. It was the first machine that can keep our data safely and was referred to as the first mechanical computer with features of computer languages which we are still using. Because of this invention, Charles Babbage was named as the Father of the Computer ("Babbage's Analytical Engine", 1844). The evolution of computer from time to time increases its flexibility for me to work even better. The invention of the computer is the blessing to every mankind in the history. The key characteristics of the computer based on my usage and experience are as follows ("Characteristics of computer", 2013): Computing Operations- It played an important role for me in computing and performing an arithmetical and logical set of operations. Computers seem to have restored the balance in mathematics by solving almost all the problems within minutes or even say seconds. Storage Capacity- The problem of storage is now resolved with the advent of the computer. It is one of its basic and distinctive features; now it comes with huge and better storage capacity. Self-regulatory capabilities- The self-regulatory capabilities of the computer is based on its key component of observation and measurements. It controls and regulates all of its functions itself by repeated sequence of predictions which helps to the great extent in the achievement of the actual result. Automatic Operations- One of the key advantages of having a computer is that it does not need human intervention in performing of its functions. It works independently once the correct input is provided which minimizes the risk of errors and repetitions. (The Editors of Encyclopedia Britannica, 2015) Manipulating and Editing- It also aids in formatting and editing of the documents according to the needs and the specification of an individual which in turn reduces lots of time and effort to a person. Easy connection with other devices- Computer also connects to other important devices within seconds which will help in completing various multi-tasking projects. For example, it could easily be connected to a printer, to a phone via Bluetooth, etc. Processing and Sharing of Information- The most important characteristic feature of a computer is that of its processing and sharing of information which forms the base of all the other components of its working operations ("Workplace Collaboration: The Importance of Information Sharing - Attensa", 2015). Computers are being used in so many fields in the modern era. Now-a-days, no task can be fulfilled without the use of the computer in its field. From government organizations to private limited firms, engineers, doctors, teachers, students, everybody makes use of the important invention made in the history. It has taken every aspect of the society to the whole new level because of its greater precision and accuracy. These days, it is been widely used by the students, youngsters and kids because of the ease of operation and less time-consuming functions (DeGarmo, 2016). Conclusion With the help of the information provided above, it is clearly evident that the computer was invented with the focus of inventing the machine which helps in the arithmetical and logical operations. And from time to time, its uses and features became more advanced and highly operative. From being functioning as a calculator, it became a memory storage device. After then it worked as a scientific calculator and then helped in programming languages, served the purpose of coding and decoding. With its enhanced development, various operating systems, word document, etc. came into existence. With the use of Integrated Circuits and Micro-processors, it became a lot more efficient and also portable. These days computer has become the necessity for each and every person as it helps in performing various day-to-day functions like saving documents, processing of information, storage of information, manipulating and editing. For many people, it is the principle source of entertainment for many people. With the increasing use of the internet, the computer became one of the most powerful devices which provides hundreds of different uses to different persons. In the coming future, lot more revelation of this technology will be seen worldwide (Rajkoomar, 2009). References Babbage's Analytical Engine. (1844). Astr. Nachr.; AN, 21(11), 161-163. https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/asna.18440211102 Characteristics of computer. (2013). Byte-Notes | Computer Science learning platform. Retrieved 12 March 2016, from https://www.byte-notes.com/characteristics-computer DeGarmo, K. (2016). Retrieved 12 March 2016, from Rajkoomar, M. (2009). Essay On The Role Of Computers in Everyday Life.. PublishYourArticles.net - Publish Your Articles Now. Retrieved 12 March 2016, from https://www.publishyourarticles.net/knowledge-hub/essay/an-essay-on-the-role-of-computers-in-everyday-life/1194/ The Editors of Encyclopedia Britannica,. (2015). personal computer (PC). Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 12 March 2016, from https://www.britannica.com/technology/personal-computer The Graphic: Birth of the computer. (2014). Engineering Technology, 9(11), 18-18. https://dx.doi.org/10.1049/et.2014.1119 Wells, M. (2000). Founding Abacus: Frustration to Fulfilment. Abacus, 36(3), 255-266. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-6281.00064 Workplace Collaboration: The Importance of Information Sharing - Attensa. (2015). Attensa. Retrieved 12 March 2016, from https://attensa.com/information-and-collaboration/

A Critic of Kazol’s Ordinary Resurrection Essay Example

A Critic of Kazol’s Ordinary Resurrection Essay A Critic of Kazol’s Ordinary Resurrection Name: Institution: A Critic of Kazol’s Ordinary Resurrection We will write a custom essay sample on A Critic of Kazol’s Ordinary Resurrection specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on A Critic of Kazol’s Ordinary Resurrection specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on A Critic of Kazol’s Ordinary Resurrection specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In chapter six, Kozol presents the resentment in Lucia. When asked about God’s power she does not recognize His supremacy over all creation. She limits His power to making hearts. Because of the hardship she and her family were undergoing, she had lost faith in God’s provision and protection. The disease afflicting her grandmother symbolizes the hardship. In addition, Kozol draws attention to the absence of a man figure. Society views Men as heads, protectors and providers. In this chapter, Lucia’s father is absent, and her grandfather is dead. This symbolizes the absence of protection, provision and leadership. Her grandmother’s fall to the ground depicts the place of women in society, thus a low place. Chapter 7 presents a generous side of the able society. At St. Anne’s, a group of ‘lucky’ girls benefit from the generosity of this institution. In the book, Katrice’s daughter says, â€Å"†¦..there are many hungry children in this neighborhood who never have enough to eat and we are blessed to have enough to give you†¦.† (Kozol, 2000, p. 83). The author titles the chapter ‘Things As They Are’. This presents an opinionated reality that the immigrants were entirely dependent on the able in society even for their basic needs. He contrasts the organization and the disorganization in the two societies. At the beginning of the chapter, he shows us the punctuality at St. Anne’s, the institution funded by the generosity of the able and the unruly nature of the poor immigrant children. The hopelessness of the black children at St. Anne’s is eminent in Chapter 8. With the absence of their stronger brothers to encourage them, they look to female students who come to give them hope. Even the author who is a male could not play this role rather is only at St. Anne’s to document. He even cannot identify with the discouragement and hopelessness of the girls when asked as he finds it hard to answer. The title of the chapter perhaps signifies the giving back of life to the once dead hope in the girls. The disadvantage of women in society shows in this excerpt. This is shown by the author by drawing the readers attention to the knowledge of the female students on the evidently existent gender issues. The males take a back role in the regular visits to the church to get to know the girls. Chapter 9 shows poor health and education services available to the immigrant communities living in the south. The quality of Language is poor. For instance, when Piedad answers about how many people she saw at the hospital by saying â€Å"almost a lot of people†. (Kozol, 2000, p. 109). This is a clear indication that her education system was not proper. A proper education system would equip her with correct grammar. As well, the health services to this unlucky community are substandard and crowded. Asthma requires an immediate response. Even with this urgency, Piedad still had to wait the whole night for her brother to get medical attention. She explains the crowded nature of this facility, a reality that was not in the north. In Susanna Medina’s ‘Sterilized against their will’, the women are treated as though they do not own their bodies. The government forces sterilization on their bodies without consulting them. Some undergo tubal ligation contrary to their will. This is a depiction of the powerlessness of a lower class group. The lower class suffers under the dictates of an able society. The dormant role of men also emerges. Men could also undergo vasectomy, but the government chose to cut the fallopian tubes on women. Both Kazol’s book and Medina’s article portray the inequality of social classes in society. As well, the dormant and absentee role of men while women continue to suffer is depicted.

The Working Roles of Animals Essays

The Working Roles of Animals Essays The Working Roles of Animals Essay The Working Roles of Animals Essay Animals in the media Animals have been used in the media for many years as they catch the eye of the viewer. Animals which are used in advertisements usually don’t have any or much relevance to the products being advertised. An example of this is the adverts for Dulux Paint, which uses an Old English Sheep dog in their adverts. They have used this breed of dog in their adverts since 1961 because this breed of dog has been used for so many years people associate it with the Dulux Company. The adverts catch people’s attention and as the dog has no relevance to paint products and therefore people will discuss the adverts. Another example of animals having no relevance to the product in which they are being advertised is the Andrex adverts, they use Labrador puppies in their adverts for toilet paper. When the adverts first came out, Golden Labrador puppies became extremely in demand. However some of the people who were buying the puppies had done little to no research about the dog. The appeal of owning a Labrador was having a small, cute dog. However many owners didn’t realise the size that they would grow to, many owners then re-homed them as they grew larger. However, there are exceptions to this where the animals are relevant to the product being advertised. These adverts are usually for pet products and rescue centres. Recue centres use abandoned looking animals in their adverts, which is an emotive technique. Another example of animals being used relevantly in adverts is pet products, such as Iam’s or Pedigree. They show the animals which the product is for. They use cute animals which the public find appealing. Many adverts portray animals inaccurately; this causes people to believe that the images which are shown are a true reflection of the animal, as they have little or no knowledge of how the animal behaves. This may result in people potentially buying dangerous pets. This can be harmful to the owner or the animal and can result in abandonment. Animals which are portrayed as unpleasant, scary or dangerous can be in danger when people assume animals are worse than they are from seeing them on television. A good example of this is ‘Harry Potter’, where spiders are shown to be dangerous and scary. This causes people to have a higher fear of the animals, this can also develop into phobias, which may result in people hurting or killing animals. Another good example of where animals are portrayed to be much more vicious than they actually are is in the film ‘Jaws’. Great white sharks are perceived to be human killers and go out of their way to hunt humans whereas in reality the chance of being killed by a shark is less than 1 in 264. 1 million (1). Films also promote animals, implying that they would be good pets. In the film ‘101 Dalmatians’ many breeds of dogs are perceived as being extremely intelligent and easy to care for. This causes people to purchase them without doing the correct research and easily become overwhelmed with the responsibility of caring for a dog. Animals in sports The most popular sports involving animals are horse racing, dog racing and angling. Many people find pleasure and excitement in racing and betting on animals, it creates enjoyment for owners, trainers and spectators. A large part of racing is when people gamble on the race. This will generate money for the owners and trainers of the animals as well as the book makers and the people who place the winning bets. Television will provide a source of income and promote the sport. People may also watch the races and place bets at their local Bookies. The animals which win the most races, are the most successful and will be highly valued for breeding. This helps to ensure good offspring for racing. Race horses will usually be spoilt and have the best quality of life to ensure that they are the fittest they can possibly be for racing. However, Greyhounds may be starved and beaten before races. Starving the dogs may provoke them to run faster to try and catch the ‘rabbit’ because their natural instincts kick in. Some owners/trainers may be more concerned with the financial gain than the animals’ welfare. As a result animals may be harmed during training. This also means that animals that are not fit enough to race may be abandoned, rehomed or destroyed. Animals may also be killed during racing as a result of injuries. Angling is very popular in the UK. Live bait is usually used to attract the fish but dead bait or artificial lures can be used instead. There are different types of angling including coarse, game and sea. The advantages of angling include the financial gain for manufacturers, dealers, charter skippers and the owners of the lakes and rivers where fishing takes place. The water quality in the lakes and rivers has greatly improved over recent years to benefit the stocks which also improve the quality of the fish’s life and the underwater ecosystem. Many of the fish are returned to the lake or river in which they came. There are also disadvantages with angling. Fish will become stressed and physically injured through being captured and handled. Even when the fish are returned to lake/river, they may not always survive due to the shock. Careless anglers have been known to spread disease within the lakes and rivers. Alien species have also been introduced to the ecosystem which shall compete with the native species. Animal fighting is illegal in the UK as well as other countries. Animals which are used to fight include bulls, cocks, dogs, fish, as well as badger and bear baiting. There are no advantages in this for the animals however some people get pleasure and money from this particular sport. The dogs are mistreated and starved so they become more aggressive. All animals involved in fighting suffer and many die from injury and infections to wounds received. The survivors to the fight will not receive the veterinary treatment that they require; therefore the healing process will be long and painful. Animals in work Animals have been used for helping disabled people and in working situations for many years. Guide dogs are given to the blind or extremely visually impaired people so that they find it easier to partake in everyday life. The dogs are trained to watch out for cars and objects that the owner may walk into, the dog will be able to guide them away from danger. Dogs can also be specially trained to help the disabled by opening doors, retrieving medicines and food. They can also be trained to alert help if the owner is injured or is unconscious. Some dogs can be trained to detect oncoming epileptic fits and can therefore warn the owner before a seizure occurs. Animals can also be used in a farming environment. The dogs which are commonly used are Border Collies, they are used to herd animals into a group. They are extremely intelligent and can learn commands by whistling and speech easily. They are trained to know the difference between herding left and right, they are also usually trained from a young age and are used until they are old. Dogs such as Spaniels can be used as gun dogs, this is where a shooting team shoots down birds and the dog will retrieve it unharmed. Horses were used to plough fields, gather sheep and cattle and transporting goods. However, they have now been replaced by machines. Animals in commercial use Animals can be used for their meat or for the products they produce. Chickens are used for their eggs until they can’t produce anymore, then they are killed for their meat. Battery farms keep chickens in cruel conditions, they will sometimes be force fed and have their beaks cut off to avoid pecking other chickens in the overcrowded conditions. Free range chickens however, are kept in good conditions with lots of room to run around. Cows are used for their milk, which can be turned in to yogurts and cheese; meat and their skin, which is used to make leather. Animals can also be used for medical testing as well as the testing of cosmetics. Many animals are put through stressful situations whilst being tested on. Medical testing can include testing drugs on animals for humans. However, animals have a different anatomy to humans and what may be harmful to them may be good for humans. For example, rabbits will die from taking Penicillin whereas it is beneficial to humans. Testing cosmetics on animals is needless as there are alternative methods to testing products. It’s not as common as it used to be, however, it does still happen. Products that don’t test on animals often publicise it as it’s an effective selling point.

The Fall of Berlin Wall and its impact on the 1989 Revolution Research Paper

The Fall of Berlin Wall and its impact on the 1989 Revolution - Research Paper Example In addition, the paper examines the relationship between the collapse of the war and the subsequent revolution in 1989. Shortly before the Berlin wall was opened, the East German government had announced in 9 November 1989 that travel restrictions between the East and West Germany would be lifted with immediate effect (Beissinger, 2002). The announcement triggered excitement among the residents on the eastern and western side of the Berlin city and they dashed to the concrete barrier that had prevented interaction and movement of people across the boundary for over two decades. Berlin wall was constructed in 1961 and Peters (2009) indentifies four factors that motivated the construction. These include division of Germany in different administrative sectors, the mass movement of people from the east to the West Germany, rapid development and industrialization in West Germany and tensions between United States and Soviet Union (Peters 2009). Division of Germany into various administrative sectors occurred soon after the end of the Second World War. According to Darden and Anna (2006), the country was divided into four segments which were assigned to the four powers that had played the major role in the defeat of Germany during the war. United States, Britain and the Soviet Union in addition to France were assigned one administrative portion each. Similarly, Berlin which was the capital city was divided into four segments which were allocated to the four foreign powers. Due to the fact that Berlin was within the sector allocated to the Soviet Union, it was major cause of tension between the ideologically different western and the eastern powers. Consequently, Berlin City was polarized into two segments, the western part controlled by United States, France and Britain while the eastern part under the Soviet Union (Michael, 2009). According to Engel (2009),